Electric vehicles save drivers money at the pump and offer lower operation and maintenance costs over the vehicles’ lifetime. Today, consumers have access to more EV models (new and used) than ever before, as falling battery prices and growing market competition spur price declines—the global average battery pack price in 2024 fell more than 25 percent compared with 2023 levels. By 2030 heavy-duty electric vehicles are poised to outcompete diesel and hydrogen, offering lower costs across all types of trucks, including long-haul semis. This all puts downward pressure on prices economy-wide and delivers clean air benefits for communities long burdened by diesel exhaust.

Federal incentives for EVs and charging will terminate abruptly at the end of September 2025, but states can help promote broad access to EVs with policies that simultaneously get more vehicles on the road, ramp up EV charging, and ensure EVs are poised to support the electric grid with flexible charging.

Policies should be designed with an eye to overcoming the primary barriers to EV adoption, which are: high upfront cost of EVs for most models; insufficient and inequitable access to reliable and convenient charging stations, especially for rural communities, multifamily housing, and renters; and slow or expensive interconnection to install new charging.

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